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智能旋进旋涡流量计是我公司开发研制的具有国内领先水平的新型气体流量仪表。该流量计集流量、温度、压力检测功能于一体，并能进行温度、压力、压缩因子自动补偿，是石油、化工、电力、冶金等行业用于气体计量的理想仪表。IntelligentVortexprecessionflowmeterdevelopedbyourcompanyisanewflowinstrumentattheleadinglevelinourcountry.Thisinstrumenthasacombinedfunctionofflowcapacity,temperatureandpressuremeasuring.Itcanalsoconductautocompensationoftemperature,pressureandcompressibilityfactor.Itisanidealgasdosinginstrumentforpetroleum,chemical,electricityandmetallurgicindustries.1.1产品主要特点1.1MainFeaturesoftheProductl 无机械可动部件，不易腐蚀，稳定可靠，寿命长，长期运行无须特殊维护；l Theinstrumenthasnomechanicalmovingparts,andisincorruptible,stableandreliable.Ithasalongservice-lifeandrequiresnospecialmaintenanceevenafterlong-timeoperation.l 采用16位电脑芯片，集成度高，体积小，性能好，整机功能强；l Itadopts16DigitMicrocomputerchipwithhighintegration,smallvolume,goodperformanceandexcellentoverallfunctions.l 智能型流量计集流量探头、微处理器、压力、温度传感器于一体,采取内置式组合,使结构更加紧凑，可直接测量流体的流量、压力和温度，并自动实时跟踪补偿和压缩因子修正；l Theintelligentflowmeterhasacombinationofflowmeasuringprobe,microprocessor,pressurepickupandtemperaturepickupandadoptsinternalstructuringtomakeafirmstructure.Itcandirectlymeasureflowcapacity,pressureandtemperatureofthefluidandconductsynchronizedcompensationandcompressibilityfactorrevision.l 采用双检测技术可有效地提高检测信号强度，并抑制由管线振动引起的干扰；l Itadoptsdualdetecttechniquetoeffectivelyincreasedetectingsignalintensityandreduceobstructioncausedbypipelinevibration.l 采用国内领先的智能抗震技术，有效的抑制了震动和压力波动造成的干扰信号；l Itadoptsnationalleadingvibration-prooftechniquestoeffectivelysuppressvibrationandundesiredsignalcausedbypressureoscillation.l 采用汉字点阵显示屏，显示位数多，读数直观方便，可直接显示工作状态下的体积流量、标准状态下的体积流量、总量，以及介质压力、温度等参数；l ItadoptsdotmatrixdisplayscreenofChinesecharactertodisplaymoresignificantdigitstobeConvenientandintuitivelyreadandcandirectlydisplayflowvolumewhileinoperatingcondition,flowvolume,totalvolume, mediumpressure,temperatureandsuchparametersofstandardcondition.l 采用EEPROM技术，参数设置方便，可永久保存，并可保存最长达一年的历史数据；l ItadoptsEEPROMtechniquetomakeparametersettingmoreconvenientandcanbepermanentlystored.Historicaldataaslongasayearbeforecanbealsostored. l 转换器可输出频率脉冲、4～20mA模拟信号，并具有RS485接口，可直接与微机联网，传输距离可达1.2km；l TheConvertercandeliverfrequencypulse,4～20mAanalogsignalsandhasRS485interfacewhichmakesitdirectlyconductnetworkinterconnectionwithcomputersandmakesdeliverydistanceaslongas1.2km.l 多物理量参数报警输出，可由用户任选其中之一；l Withsignaltransferoutputofseveralphysicalparameters,userscanchooseanyofthem.l 流量计表头可360度旋转，安装使用简单方便；l Gaugeheadoftheflowmetercanrotateby360degree,itmakesapplicationandinstallationmoreconvenient.l 配合本公司的FM型数据采集器，可通过因特网或者电话网络进行远程数据传输l itisequippedwithdataacquisitionunitofourcompany,therefore,datacanbedistantlydeliveredbyinternetortelephonenetwork.l 压力、温度信号为传感器输入方式，互换性强；l Pressureandtemperaturesignalaretransducerinputmodewithstronginterchangeability.l 整机功耗低，可用内电池供电，也可外接电源。l Thewholemachinehasalowpowerconsumption;powercanbesuppliedbothbybatteryandexternalpowersource.1.2主要用途1.2MainApplications智能旋进旋涡流量计可广泛应用于石油、化工、电力、冶金、城市供气等行业测量各种气体流量，是目前油田和城市天然气输配计量和贸易计量的首选产品。IntelligentVortexprecessionflowmeteriswidelyusedinmeasuringvariousgasflowrateinpetroleum,chemical,electricityandmetallurgicindustriesandcitygassupply. 二、结构与工作原理II．StructureandOperatingPrinciple 2.1流量计结构2.1StructureofFlowmeter流量计由以下七个基本部件组成（图1）：Theflowmeteriscomposedbythefollowingsevenbasicparts(Figure1): 1.旋涡发生体1.Vertexgenerator用铝合金制成，具有一定角度的螺旋叶片，它固定在壳体收缩段前部，强迫流体产生强烈的漩涡流。Itismadeofaluminumalloywithacertainangleofhelicalblade,andisfixedatthefrontpartofshellconstriction.Itforcesthefluidtoformstrongeddy.⒉壳体2.Theshell本身带有法兰，并有一定形状的流体通道，根据不同的工作压力，壳体材料可采用铸铝合金或不锈钢。(图1)Ithasflangewithscertainshapeoffluidflowpassage;duetodifferentoperatingpressure,materialoftheshellcouldadoptscastaluminumalloyorstainlesssteel.(Figure1)⒊智能流量计积算仪（原理见图3）3.Integratinginstrumentofintelligentflowmeter(Figure3showstheoperatingprinciples) 由温度、压力检测模拟通道、流量检测数字通道以及微处理单元、液晶驱动电路和其它辅助电路组成，并配有外输信号接口。 Integratinginstrumentiscomposedbytemperature,pressuretestinganalogchannel,digitalchannelofflowratemeasuringandmicroprocessingunit,LCDdrivercircuitandothersupportcircuit,andisequippedwithoutputsignalinterface. 4.温度传感器4.Temperaturepickup以Pt100铂电阻为温度敏感元件，在一定温度范围内，其电阻值与温度成对应关系。WithPt100platinumresistorasitssenseorgan,andwithacertainrangeoftemperature,resistancequantitysharescorrespondencerelationwiththetemperature.5.压力传感器5.Pressuresensor以压阻式扩散硅桥路为敏感元件，其桥臂电阻在外界压力作用下会发生预期变化，因此在一定激励电流作用下，其两个输出端的电位差与外界压力成正比。WithPiezoresistivediffuseddiliconconnectioncircuitasitssenseorgan,itsbridgearmresistancewillmakecontemplatedchangeunderouterpressure,soundereffectofcertainenergizingcurrent,potentialdifferenceatbothoutputterminalshareadirectproportionwithouterpressure. 6.压电晶体传感器6.Piezoelectricitycrystalprobe安装在靠近壳体扩张段的喉部，可检测出漩涡进动的频率信号。Itisinstalledatthelaryngealpartofthedilatingsectionoftheshellandcandetectfrequencysignalofeddymovement.⒎消旋器7.Swirlreducer固定在壳体出口段，其作用是消除旋涡流，以减小对下游仪表性能的影响。Itisfixedatexitsectionoftheshelltoreducewhirlingcurrentandthusreducecompactontheperformanceofinstrumentsoflowerreaches. 2.2工作原理2.2operatingprinciples 流量传感器的流通剖面类似文丘利管的型线（图2）。在入口侧安放一组螺旋型导流叶片，当流体进入流量传感器时，导流叶片迫使流体产生剧烈的旋涡流。当流体进入扩散段时，旋涡流受到回流的作用，开始作二次旋转，形成陀螺式的涡流进动现象。该进动频率与流量大小成正比，不受流体物理性质和密度的影响，检测元件测得流体二次旋转进动频率就能在较宽的流量范围内获得良好的线性度。信号经前置放大器放大、滤波、整形转换为与流速成正比的脉冲信号，然后再与温度、压力等检测信号一起被送往微处理器进行积算处理，最后在液晶显示屏上显示出测量结果(瞬时流量、累积流量及温度、压力数据)。 Flowthroughsectionplaneofflowsensorissimilartoshapedconductorofventuripipes(Figure2).Fixahelicalguidevaneatentranceside,whenthefluidenterstheflowsensor,theguidevanewillforcethefluidformfiercevortex.Whenthefluidentersthedilatingsection,thevortexwillbeginthesecondrotationunderinfluenceofrefluxandwillformgyrovortexprecession.Frequencyoftheprecessionsharesadirectproportionwithflowrate,freefrominfluenceofthefluid sphysicalnatureanddensity,therefore,precessionfrequencyofthesecondrotationacquiredbydetectingelementcanobtaingoodlinearityinalargescaleofflowrate.Signalswillbeenlarged,filteredbythepreamplifierandwillchangeintopulsesignalwhichsharesadirectproportionwithflowspeed,thenthesignalswillbesenttomicroprocessingunittobeintegratedtogetherwithdetectionsignalsofthetemperatureandpressure,finally,themeasuringresultwillbedisplayedontheliquidcrystaldisplay(instantaneousdelivery,integratedfluxandtemperatureandpressuredata). Vortexgenerator Figure2 Liquidcrystaldisplay CustomerapparatusPCorappearancemeterMicroprocessorstorageD/AtransformerCommunicationinterfacePulseamplifyingoutput MagnifierA/DtransformerPrepositivemagnifierFlowsensorPressuresensorHumiditysensorLiquidcrystaldrivepowerLibattery 2.3流量积算仪工作原理2.3OperatingPrinciplesofFlowTotalizer图3Figure3流量积算仪由温度和压力检测模拟通道、流量传感器通道以及微处理器单元组成，并配有外输出信号接口，输出各种信号。流量计中的微处理器按照气态方程进行温压补偿，并自动进行压缩因子修正，气态方程如下： FlowTotalizeriscomposedbytemperatureandpressuredetectionanalogchannel,flowsensorchannelandmicroprocessingunit,andisequippedwithoutputsignalinterface,fromwhichvarioussignalsareoutput.MicroprocessingunitoftheflowTotalizerconductstemperatureandpressurecompensationduetotheidealgaslawandautomaticallyrevisescompressibilityfactor,theidealgaslawisasfollow: (2) 式中：Inthisformula:QN 标况下的体积流量(m3/h)；QN: Flowvolumeinstandardcondition(m3/h);QV 工况下的体积流量(m3/h；QV:Flowvolumeinoperatingcondition(m3/h); Pa 当地大气压力（KPa）；Pa:Localatmosphericpressure(KPa);P 流量计取压孔测量的表压（KPa）；P:Psigmeasuredbypressureportoftheflowtotalizer(KPa);PN 标准状态下的大气压力（101.325KPa）；PN:Atmosphericpressureinstandardcondition(101.325KPa);TN 标准状态下的绝对温度（293.15K）；TN:Absolutetemperatureinstandardcondition(293.15K);T 被测流体的绝对温度（K）；T:Absolutetemperatureofthemeasuredfluid(K);ZN 气体在标况下的压缩系数；ZN:Aircompressioncoefficientinstandardcondition;Z 气体在工况下的压缩系数；Z:Aircompressioncoefficientinoperatingcondition;注：当用钟罩或负压标定时取ZN/Z=1，对天然气(ZN/Z)1/2=FZ为超压缩因子。按中国石油天然气总公司的标准SY／T6143－1996中的公式计算。 Notes:whenphosphorizerusedandthesubpressureiscertain,ZN/Z=1,fornaturalgas,(ZN/Z)1/2=FZissupercompressibilityfactor.ItiscalculatedaccordingtoformulaofChinaNationalPetroleumCorp.standard.